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Today I learned 
Org-mode attachments! Somehow I lived without ever hearing about those.
And since I want to display the images, it works with [[attachment:filename]] links.
Now looking up if I can get the images created by babel code blocks to be saved as attachments… 
Today I learned
I found a way to save the org-babel files as attachments directly!
The "define-advice org-babel-execute-src-block" line in this person's configuration seems to works just as I wanted: https://github.com/yantar92/emacs-config/blob/master/config.org